ABSTRACT
Inflammation is the one of the major causes for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. In this study, association between inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus was studied by measuring various inflammatory markers [soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules type - 1, Interleukin - 6 and C- reactive protein] between healthy and diabetic patients. A cross sectional comparative study. The study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi and Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine [CREAM], Army Medical College, Rawalpindi for blood sampling and biochemical assays respectively. The study was performed in 40 human subjects divided into two groups containing 20 subjects each. One group was designated as control while the other was diseased [diabetic] group. Glycemic status was measured to confirm their normal and diabetic state. Inflammatory markers were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay [ELISA]. Levels of all inflammatory markers [soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules type - 1, Interleukin - 6 and C-reactive protein] were found to be raised in the experimental diabetic groups; 1991.5 +/- 201.97 ng/ml, 24.99 +/- 1.366 pg/ml and 2931 +/- 168.319 respectively compared to the control group; 570.2 +/- 16.526 ng/ml, 6.64 +/- 0.3516 pg/ml and 1806.6 +/- 183.32 respectively. Inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in patients with diabetes mellitus as compared to normal healthy control subjects
ABSTRACT
To determine the effects of olive-pomace oil on glycemic status and lipid profile in diabetes. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Department of Biochemistry, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad from March 2010 to June 2011. Seventy male albino rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were randomly divided into two groups of 35 rats, each. Rats were rendered diabetic by injecting streptozotocin. Group 1 and group 2 were given normal rodent diet and olive pomace oil supplemented diet respectively for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured for comparison. There was significant increase in high density lipoprotein and significant decrease of blood glucose, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein of group II rats when compared with group I [control]. Olive pomace oil can significantly improve fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats
ABSTRACT
To compare the accuracy of Upper lip bite test with modified Mallampati classification for predicting the difficult laryngoscopic intubation. Cross sectional Study. The study was carried out at Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain management, Combined Military hospital, Rawalpindi from September 2008 to August 2009. Four hundred patients undergoing elective surgery meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled after written informed consent. The airways of the patients were evaluated by using the modified Mallampati classification [MMP] and the Upper lip bite test [ULBT]. MMP class 3 or 4 and ULBT class 3 were considered as indicators of difficult intubation. The laryngeal view was graded by Cormack and Lehane classification [Gold standard]. Grade 1 or 2 was considered to represent easy intubation and grade 3 or 4 to represent difficult intubation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for both the tests separately by using the 2x2 table. ULBT had a higher accuracy of 94%, specificity of 99.2% and positive predictive value 70% compared to MMP accuracy of 82.7%, specificity of 84.4% and positive predictive value of 22.7%. The diagnostic accuracy of the Upper lip bite test was more than the modified Mallampati classification. We suggest that it be compared with the other prevailing tests as well which are often used to assess difficult intubations
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bites, Human , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of raised D-dimer in patients of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis [CVST] at Neurology Department, Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Descriptive study. One year duration conducted in the Department of Neurology at Military Hospital Rawalpindi from 1[st] May 2010 to 1[st] May 2011. Thirty patients were selected randomly from Neurology Department, who were recently diagnosed cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis [CVST] on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and magnetic resonance venography [MRV]. D-dimer test samples were drawn and subjected to latex agglutination test. There were 22[73.33%] males and 8[26.67%] females in our study. D dimmer assay analyses revealed 90% [27 patients] as positive and 10% [3 patients] as negative. Raised D-dimer levels are highly suggestive of CVST provided other conditions are clinically excluded and they can be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis